৫০তম BCS — Voice Change (Complex Passive)

এই পরীক্ষায় এই টপিক থেকে ১টি প্রশ্ন — complex sentence passive transformation।

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প্রশ্ন ৫৬: 'The villagers believed that he was an honest leader' — passive form?

Options: (ক) He was believed to be an honest leader ✓ • (খ) He was believed to have been an honest leader • (গ) He has been believed to be an honest leader • (ঘ) He was believed he was an honest leader

এক লাইনে

Complex passive pattern: 'People + verb + that + subject + V' → 'Subject + be + V3 + to + V1'.

Complex Passive Formula

Tense of reporting verb	Same time	Earlier time
Active: 'X say/think/believe that Y is...'	Y is said/thought/believed to be	Y is said to have been
Active: 'X said that Y was...'	Y was believed to be	Y was believed to have been

বিকল্প দেখুন — কেন কোনটা ভুল?

Option	কেন ভুল/সঠিক?
(ক) He was believed to be an honest leader ✓	reporting verb 'was' past + same-time 'to be' — সঠিক
(খ) He was believed to have been...	'to have been' = earlier time; কিন্তু believing-এর সমকালেই honest leader ছিলেন — তাই 'to be' সঠিক
(গ) He has been believed to be...	reporting verb past, তাই present perfect 'has been' ভুল
(ঘ) He was believed he was...	'he was' দুবার — সম্পূর্ণ ভুল গঠন

Voice Change — সব tense-এর Table

Active	Passive
Simple Present: He writes a letter	A letter is written by him
Present Continuous: He is writing a letter	A letter is being written by him
Present Perfect: He has written a letter	A letter has been written by him
Simple Past: He wrote a letter	A letter was written by him
Past Continuous: He was writing a letter	A letter was being written by him
Past Perfect: He had written a letter	A letter had been written by him
Simple Future: He will write a letter	A letter will be written by him
Modal: He can write a letter	A letter can be written by him

BCS-favourite Special Passive Patterns

1. Imperative

• Active: 'Open the door' → Passive: 'Let the door be opened'
• Active: 'Do not touch it' → Passive: 'Let it not be touched'

2. Complex (that-clause)

• 'People say that he is honest' → 'It is said that he is honest' / 'He is said to be honest'
• 'They believe that he was great' → 'It is believed that he was great' / 'He is believed to have been great' (earlier time → 'to have been')

3. Quasi-Passive (Intransitive verbs)

• 'The book reads well' (= is read well)
• 'The pen writes smoothly'
• 'Rice sells cheap'

4. Double Object

• 'He gave me a book' → 'I was given a book by him' OR 'A book was given to me by him'

Time-Frame Rule — গুরুত্বপূর্ণ

Believing vs Action	Passive form
Same time (X believes Y is...)	'to be'
Earlier time (X believes Y was...)	'to have been'

পরীক্ষার শর্টকাট

• 'People/villagers/everyone + said/think/believe that...' → 'X was/is + believed to be...'
• Same-time event → 'to be'; earlier event → 'to have been'
• 'It is said that...' is also valid alternative

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টপিকটি গভীরে শিখুন

Voice Change — মূল লেকচার শিট — সব tense-এর active→passive transformation table, imperative-এর special rule, quasi-passive (book reads well), complex/double-object structure, বহু-verb (give/send/show/tell) double-object passive, এবং BCS-frequent voice-change questions।