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এই পরীক্ষায় এই টপিক থেকে ২টি প্রশ্ন — 'because of' vs 'because' (Q30) এবং 'solution to' (Q32)।
Options: (ক) because • (খ) since • (গ) because of ✓ • (ঘ) as
Conjunction-এর পরে complete clause (subject + verb) আসে। Preposition-এর পরে noun / noun phrase আসে।
Blank-এর পরে 'her good work' একটি noun phrase (subject + verb নেই)। তাই preposition চাই।
| Form | পরে আসে কী? | Example |
|---|---|---|
| because | clause (S + V) | She succeeded because she worked hard. |
| because of | noun phrase | She succeeded because of her hard work. |
| since | clause | I've worked here since I graduated. |
| as | clause | As he was tired, he left. |
| due to | noun phrase | The delay was due to rain. |
| owing to | noun phrase | Owing to the storm, school was cancelled. |
'-of' আছে কি? Preposition। '-of' নেই? Conjunction। because vs because of; due to vs because clause।
Blank-এর পরে দেখুন subject+verb আছে কিনা। না থাকলে → preposition (because of/due to/owing to)। থাকলে → conjunction (because/since/as)।
Options: (ক) of • (খ) for • (গ) about • (ঘ) to ✓
'Solution + to + problem' — এটি একটি fixed combination। কোনো logic নয়, মুখস্থ করতে হবে।
| Phrase | Used for | Example |
|---|---|---|
| solution to | problem | What's the solution to this problem? |
| solution of | equation/chemistry | The solution of x² = 4 is x = ±2. |
| solution for | rare | (informal/contextual) |
| solution about | ✗ ভুল | Never used |
| Noun + Preposition | Example |
|---|---|
| answer to (question) | answer to my question |
| key to (success) | the key to happiness |
| reaction to (news) | his reaction to the news |
| approach to (problem) | a new approach to learning |
| attitude to/towards | attitude towards life |
বেশিরভাগ 'mental/conceptual' relation noun → to।
'Problem-এর দিকে যাওয়া = solution to (towards) the problem।' 'to' মানেই দিকে — আক্ষরিক ভেবে রাখুন।
বাংলায় 'এই সমস্যার সমাধান' → ছাত্রছাত্রীরা 'of' দিতে যান (Bangla 'এর' = of)। কিন্তু English-এ pattern ভিন্ন — 'to' লাগে।
'Solution' শব্দ দেখলেই → to (problem-এর সাথে)। 'Solution of' শুধু গণিত/রসায়ন-এ।
Prepositions — মূল লেকচার শিট — 100+ noun-preposition collocations, verb-preposition pairs (depend on, abide by, refrain from), adjective-preposition (afraid of, accustomed to), time vs place prepositions, compound prepositions (because of, in spite of, due to), BCS-frequent preposition errors.