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এই বিশেষ পরীক্ষায় এই টপিক থেকে ১টি প্রশ্ন — interrogative বাক্যের passive ও 'known to'-এর preposition।
Options: (ক) Are they known by you? • (খ) Would they be known by you? • (গ) Are they known with you? • (ঘ) Are they known to you? ✓
Passive-এ 'know' verb-টি 'by' নয়, 'to' preposition নেয় → 'They are known to you' → প্রশ্নে 'Are they known to you?'।
সাধারণ নিয়মে passive-এ 'by' বসে। কিন্তু কিছু verb ব্যতিক্রম — তারা by-এর বদলে অন্য preposition নেয়। 'know' তেমনই একটি।
| ধাপ | প্রক্রিয়া |
|---|---|
| ১. Active: Do you know them? | yes/no প্রশ্ন |
| ২. Subject↔Object বদল | them → they (subject); you → you (agent) |
| ৩. Verb: do + know → are known | Simple Present passive |
| ৪. Interrogative গঠন | auxiliary 'Are' সামনে → Are they known to you? |
| Verb | Preposition | উদাহরণ (Passive) |
|---|---|---|
| know | to | He is known to me |
| satisfy | with | I am satisfied with the result |
| please | with | She was pleased with the gift |
| tire | of/with | He is tired of waiting |
| interest | in | I am interested in music |
| annoy | at/with | She was annoyed at the noise |
| acquaint | with | I am acquainted with him |
| surprise | at | We were surprised at the news |
| Option | কেন ভুল / সঠিক |
|---|---|
| (ক) Are they known by you? | 'know' passive-এ 'by' নেয় না — ভুল preposition |
| (খ) Would they be known by you? | tense পরিবর্তিত হয়ে গেছে (Simple Present → modal) — ভুল |
| (গ) Are they known with you? | 'with' ভুল preposition |
| (ঘ) Are they known to you? ✓ | সঠিক preposition 'to' + tense অপরিবর্তিত |
Voice Change — মূল লেকচার শিট — সব tense-এর active→passive transformation table, interrogative/imperative-এর passive, 'by'-ব্যতিক্রম preposition নেয় এমন verbs-এর সম্পূর্ণ তালিকা, complex (that-clause) ও double-object passive, quasi-passive (book reads well), এবং BCS-frequent voice-change প্রশ্ন।