৩৬তম BCS — English Literature Ages প্রশ্নসমাধান

এই পরীক্ষায় ৫টি প্রশ্ন — Dickens, Thomas Gray, Thomas Hardy, climax, London-Dickens।

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প্রশ্ন ৩৭: 'David Copperfield' is a/an ___ novel.

Options: (a) Victorian ✓ • (b) Elizabethan • (c) Romantic • (d) Modern

Charles Dickens (1812-1870) — Victorian Master

• David Copperfield (1849-50) — semi-autobiographical
• Dickens called it his 'favourite child'
• Victorian Age: 1837-1901 (Queen Victoria's reign)

English Literary Ages — Quick Reference

Age	Years	Key Authors
Anglo-Saxon	450-1066	Beowulf (anon.)
Middle English	1066-1500	Chaucer
Elizabethan	1558-1603	Shakespeare, Marlowe
Jacobean	1603-1625	Webster, Bacon
Restoration	1660-1700	Dryden, Milton
Augustan/Neoclassical	1700-1798	Pope, Swift, Dryden
Romantic	1798-1832	Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats, Shelley, Byron
Victorian	1837-1901	Dickens, Tennyson, Brontës, Thomas Hardy
Modern	1901-1945	Yeats, T.S. Eliot, Joyce, Forster
Post-modern	1945-present	Pinter, Beckett

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প্রশ্ন ৩৮: 'Elegy written in a Country Churchyard' is by-

Options: (a) Wordsworth • (b) Thomas Gray ✓ • (c) Keats • (d) Yeats

Thomas Gray (1716-1771) — Pre-Romantic

• Most famous English elegy
• Written: 1751 (in Stoke Poges churchyard)
• Bridges Augustan formal style with Romantic emotion
• Famous line: 'Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife'

Famous English Elegies

Elegy	Poet	Year
Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard	Thomas Gray	1751
Lycidas	John Milton	1637
Adonais	P.B. Shelley	1821
In Memoriam	Tennyson	1850

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প্রশ্ন ৪৪: Which book is written by Thomas Hardy?

Options: (a) Vanity Fair • (b) The Return of the Native ✓ • (c) Pride and Prejudice • (d) Oliver Twist

Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) — Victorian Novelist

• Setting: Fictional 'Wessex' (rural southwest England)
• Themes: Fate, rural decline, social hypocrisy

Thomas Hardy's Major Novels

Novel	Year
Far from the Madding Crowd	1874
The Return of the Native	1878
The Mayor of Casterbridge	1886
Tess of the d'Urbervilles	1891
Jude the Obscure	1895

Other novels — who wrote what?

Novel	Author
Vanity Fair (1848)	W.M. Thackeray
Pride and Prejudice (1813)	Jane Austen
Oliver Twist (1837-39)	Charles Dickens
The Return of the Native	Thomas Hardy ✓

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প্রশ্ন ৫৪: The 'climax' of a plot is what happens-

Options: (a) in the beginning • (b) at the height ✓ • (c) at the end • (d) in the confrontation

Plot Structure — Freytag's Pyramid

           CLIMAX
          /      \
   Rising       Falling
   Action       Action
   /              \
Exposition    Resolution

Five Parts of a Plot

1. Exposition — Beginning; characters/setting introduced
2. Rising Action — Conflict develops, tension builds
3. Climax — Highest point of conflict; turning point
4. Falling Action — Conflicts begin to resolve
5. Resolution (Denouement) — Conflicts settled; story ends

Why 'at the height' — not 'at the end'?

Many confuse climax with conclusion. Climax = peak emotional intensity (middle-to-late), not the end. The end is the resolution.

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প্রশ্ন ৫৫: London town as a living being in works of-

Options: (a) Thomas Hardy • (b) Charles Dickens ✓ • (c) Congreve • (d) D.H. Lawrence

Dickens's London — A character itself

• Oliver Twist — London's slums, workhouses
• Bleak House — London's fog, courts
• Great Expectations — London's society
• A Tale of Two Cities — London vs. Paris

Dickens personifies London — its weather (fog), streets, crowds, even buildings become characters with personality.

Hardy vs. Dickens — Setting comparison

Author	Setting
Hardy	Rural Wessex (countryside)
Dickens	Urban London (city)

Famous opening of Bleak House

'London. Michaelmas Term lately over... Fog everywhere.' — London is the first thing mentioned, treated like a living organism breathing fog.

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টপিকটি গভীরে শিখুন

English Literature — Ages & Periods — মূল লেকচার শিট — Complete chronology, age-defining works, BCS-favorite authors per age, literary movements (Restoration, Augustan, Romantic, Victorian, Modern), with notable quotations।