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এই পরীক্ষায় এই টপিক থেকে ২টি প্রশ্ন — preposition ভুল ও infinitive ভুল।
বিকল্প: (ক) Neither you nor I am in a sound position. • (খ) Laziness is detrimental for success. ✓ (ভুল) • (গ) He begged the favour of my granting him leave. • (ঘ) Your action is not in conformity with the law.
'Detrimental' adjective-এর সাথে সঠিক preposition 'to' — 'detrimental TO success'। 'For' ভুল।
| Adjective | Preposition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| detrimental | to | Smoking is detrimental to health. |
| beneficial | to | Exercise is beneficial to health. |
| harmful | to | Junk food is harmful to kids. |
| essential | for/to | Sleep is essential for/to life. |
| useful | for/to | This is useful for students. |
| similar | to | His view is similar to mine. |
| inferior / superior | to | She is superior to him in math. |
| senior / junior | to | He is senior to me. |
| relevant | to | This is relevant to the case. |
Neither A nor B + verb → verb কাছের subject (B)-এর সঙ্গে মেলে।
বিকল্প: (ক) He has no desire for fame. • (খ) I intend going to Rajshahi. ✓ (ভুল) • (গ) He is too miserly to part with his money. • (ঘ) He has invited me for dinner.
'Intend'-এর পরে সাধারণত 'to + verb' (infinitive) বসে — 'I intend to go to Rajshahi'। 'Intend going' মার্কিন কথ্য রীতিতে চলে, classical English-এ ভুল।
| Verb | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| intend | to + V | I intend to go. |
| decide | to + V | He decided to leave. |
| hope | to + V | I hope to win. |
| plan | to + V | She plans to study. |
| promise | to + V | He promised to come. |
| agree | to + V | We agreed to meet. |
| refuse | to + V | She refused to help. |
| want | to + V | I want to know. |
| expect | to + V | We expect to arrive. |
| Verb | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| enjoy | + V-ing | I enjoy swimming. |
| avoid | + V-ing | He avoids smoking. |
| finish | + V-ing | She finished eating. |
| consider | + V-ing | Consider going abroad. |
| suggest | + V-ing | I suggest taking a break. |
| mind | + V-ing | Would you mind helping me? |
| postpone | + V-ing | They postponed leaving. |
Verb দেখে চিনুন — Future plan/decision (intend, plan, decide, hope, agree) → to + V। Ongoing/past action (enjoy, finish, avoid, suggest) → V-ing।
Sentence Correction & Transformation — মূল লেকচার শিট — ৫০+ adjective-preposition collocation, gerund vs infinitive-এর পূর্ণ তালিকা, sentence transformation (affirmative-negative, assertive-interrogative, simple-complex-compound), parallelism, dangling modifier ও common errors।