Tag Questions & Conditional Sentences — Full Lecture

Part A: Tag Questions

Basic Rule: Positive sentence → negative tag; Negative sentence → positive tag

Formula: Auxiliary verb + n't + pronoun? (for positive sentence)

Statement	Tag
He is a teacher,	isn't he?
They can swim,	can't they?
She has done it,	hasn't she?
You don't like it,	do you?
He didn't come,	did he?

Special Rules (পরীক্ষায় বেশি আসে):

Statement Pattern	Tag
Let us (proposal)	shall we?
Let him/her/them	will you?
Imperative (Open the door)	will you?
Don't + imperative	will you?
I am	aren't I?
Everybody/Everyone	don't they? / haven't they?
Nobody/Nothing/No one	positive tag (do they? / is it?)
There is/are	isn't/aren't there?
This/That (thing)	isn't it?
These/Those (things)	aren't they?
need/dare (main verb)	don't/doesn't + pronoun?
needn't (modal)	need + pronoun?
Seldom/rarely/hardly/barely/scarcely (negative meaning)	positive tag

Examples:

• "Let us go, shall we?"
• "I am right, aren't I?"
• "Everybody knows this, don't they?"
• "Nobody came, did they?"
• "He seldom comes, does he?"
• "He hardly works, does he?"

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Part B: Conditional Sentences

Type	If-clause	Main clause	Example
Zero (fact)	If + present	present	If you heat water, it boils.
1st (real/possible)	If + present	will/shall + V1	If it rains, I will stay home.
2nd (unreal/unlikely)	If + past	would + V1	If I were you, I would accept it.
3rd (impossible/past)	If + past perfect	would have + V3	If I had studied, I would have passed.

Key Rules:

• 2nd conditional → always "were" (not "was"): "If I were a bird..."
• "Unless" = "If...not": "Unless you study, you will fail." = "If you don't study..."
• "Provided/Providing that" = If
• "In case" → precautionary condition: "Take an umbrella in case it rains."